Abstract: With the aim to study the distribution and diversity of culturable bacteria in Arctic, two surface soil samples and eight sediment samples were collected from Ny-Alesund and analyzed using the culture-based method and 16S rRNA gene sequence.A total of 343 isolates from 10 stations were characterized according to morphological character of bacterial colony.Molecular identification and phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that 47 representative strains were grouped into 4 phylum, 6 classes, 18 genera and 29 species.According to the taxonomy, bacillis were grouped into 6 genera with a high diversity.The γ-Proteobacteria were the dominant bacterial lineage, belonging to 13 species.The bacterial diversity and community composition among marine sediments, lake sediments, river sediments and soils displayed spatial variety.Bacterial diversity was most abundant in marine sediments and subsequent in lake sediments.