Abstract: Resource-environmental carrying capacity monitoring and pre-alert assessment of uninhabited islands showed its significance in planning and coordinating relationships between protection and utilization of uninhabited islands.In this study, taking "Guidance of marine resource-environmental carrying capacity monitoring and pre-alert assessment" released by China SOA as a reference, evaluation index system of resource-environmental carrying capacity monitoring and pre-alert assessment of uninhabited islands was established according to utilization status of uninhabited islands in San-sha bay.Assessment results showed that:as for uninhabited islands in San-sha bay, coastline resource revealed the state of "loadable", land resource revealed the state of "overloaded", island environment remained "basically stable".In the past 10 years, resource-environmental carrying capacity of uninhabited islands in San-sha bay had shifted from loadable to overloaded, and two uninhabited islands had become extinction, reflecting great utilization intensity to these uninhabited islands.Thus, restrictions by resource-environmental carrying capacity should be intensified towards utilization activities of uninhabited island in future.