Abstract: In order to understand the pollution characteristics of major heavy metals in surface sediments of Hailing bay, based on the sampling survey of Hailing bay in November 2017, this study analyzed the content and spatial distributions of seven heavy metals, and evaluated the marine sediment pollution characteristics by using indicators such as single factor pollution index, geoaccumulation index, heavy metal potential ecological risk and consensus-based sediment quality guidelines. Moreover, the sources of heavy metals in the surface sediments of Hailing bay were analyzed by using correlation analysis and principal component analysis. The results indicated that, except As and Cr, the rest of the heavy metal content in the Hailing bay surface sediments was at a low level as a whole. The heavy metals as a whole are in a state of pollution-free and slightly ecological risk in Hailing bay, and the relative pollution was mainly based on contribution of the contribution of As and Cr. The content of these two heavy metals is between TEC and PEC, with 25% ~ 75% probability of causing toxicity and harmful biological effects. There was a certain homology among the heavy metals in sediments, such as Cu, Zn, Cd, Hg and As, which were mainly controlled by geological background and degradation of organic matter. Pb, Cr and As were also affected by ship exhaust gas, industrial waste gas and coal transportation in Yangjiang port.