高玉, 姜海波. 海洋浮游植物对磷限制的响应机制[J]. 海洋环境科学, 2021, 40(5): 798-804. DOI: 10.12111/j.mes.20200184
引用本文: 高玉, 姜海波. 海洋浮游植物对磷限制的响应机制[J]. 海洋环境科学, 2021, 40(5): 798-804. DOI: 10.12111/j.mes.20200184
GAO Yu, JIANG Hai-bo. Mechanisms by which marine phytoplankton respond to phosphorus limitation[J]. Chinese Journal of MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE, 2021, 40(5): 798-804. DOI: 10.12111/j.mes.20200184
Citation: GAO Yu, JIANG Hai-bo. Mechanisms by which marine phytoplankton respond to phosphorus limitation[J]. Chinese Journal of MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE, 2021, 40(5): 798-804. DOI: 10.12111/j.mes.20200184

海洋浮游植物对磷限制的响应机制

Mechanisms by which marine phytoplankton respond to phosphorus limitation

  • 摘要: 海洋浮游植物是全球初级生产力的重要贡献者,它们的生物量主要受到氮、磷、铁等营养元素的限制。磷元素作为浮游植物所必需的元素,在寡营养海域的真光层海水中十分缺乏,是浮游植物生长的限制因子。磷元素的缺乏不仅直接影响浮游植物的生长繁殖及物种演替,还对海洋碳、氮生物地球化学循环产生深远影响。全球变暖加剧海水层化,进而减少垂直混合带来的营养盐补充。面对不断变化的海洋环境,浮游植物通过减缓细胞生长、加强磷吸收和储存、分解有机磷、磷脂替代、降低细胞对磷酸盐的依赖等方式,应对海洋环境中的磷限制。本文总结了近年来海洋浮游植物应对磷限制响应机制的最新研究进展,主要从生理响应和生态效应方面综述了海洋磷限制对浮游植物的影响以及浮游植物响应海洋磷限制的策略,希望对海洋浮游植物和海洋环境科学相关研究具有借鉴意义。

     

    Abstract: Marine phytoplankton are important contributors to global primary productivity, and their biomass is limited by nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and iron. As an essential element for cell metabolism, phosphorus is scarce in the euphotic zone of oligotrophic ocean and becomes a limiting factor for phytoplankton growth. Low concentration of phosphorus not only directly affects the growth, reproduction and succession of phytoplankton, but also has a profound impact on marine carbon and nitrogen biogeochemical cycle. Global warming intensifies the stratification of water column and causes less nutrients supply and vertical mixing. As an adaption to the changing marine environments, phytoplankton have evolved multiple strategies to cope with the phosphorus limitation such as decreasing growth rate, enhancing phosphorus absorption and storage, hydrolyzing organic phosphorus, replacing phospholipid with sulfolipid and reducing phosphorus demand. In this paper, we summarized the updated prospective of the mechanisms by which marine phytoplankton respond to phosphorus limitation as well as the ecological effects of phosphorus limitation on marine ecosystems. The review is believed to be helpful to the relevant research of marine phytoplankton and marine environmental science.

     

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