Abstract: Simultaneous sampling and observation were conducted in Zhejiang coastal area. The distribution characteristics of chromium in water and sediments were analyzed. The results showed that the total contents of chromium in surface water and bottom water were 0.405～0.653 μg/L and 0.426～0.638 μg/L, respectively. And the contents of Cr(Ⅵ) in surface water and bottom water were 0.009～0.087 μg/L and 0.005～0.099 μg/L. The distribution of chromium species in seawater had no correlation with depth. The effective state and residue state chromium were the main existing form of chromium in sediments, and the residual chromium accounts for more than 85%. The content of different forms of effective state chromium in the sediment was organic bound state chromium > iron-manganese oxide bound state chromium > ion exchangeable state chromium > carbonate bound state chromium. The total contents of chromium in sediments was 50～82 mg/kg and the contents of Cr(Ⅵ) in sediments was 2.99～11.71 μg/kg, less than 0.02 mg/kg. The above results indicate that there was a certain degree of chromium pollution in Zhejiang coastal area, while the content of water-soluble hexavalent chromium was low and the potential hazards of chromium was small.