Abstract: Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are two kinds of traditional persistent organic pollutants, they are capable of accumulating in the environment and pose potential risks to aquatic ecosystems. As bioindicators, shellfish exhibit a strong capability to accumulate waterborne pollutants that can be used to assess environmental behaviors, toxicological effects and ecological health risks. In this study, cultivated mussels were collected from Huaniao Island and analyzed for OCPs and PCBs with the objective of examining their pollution characteristics. In general, among OCPs compounds, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDTs) exhibited the highest content, while endosulfan (ENDs) displayed the lowest, they ranged from 1.1 to 74 μg/kg and 0.0050 to 0.22 μg/kg, respectively (wet weight, the same below). Among PCBs compounds, pentachloro, hexachloro and heptachloro biphenyls showed higher contents, ranging from 10 to 220 (×10⁻³ μg/kg), 14 to 240 (×10⁻³ μg/kg) and 7.3 to 200 (×10⁻³ μg/kg) respectively. The gonads are the most enriched tissue for pollutants, with their elevated lipid content facilitating the accumulation of lipophilic organic compounds, which own more degradation products and stable compounds. In addition, the research found highly toxic compounds are preferentially absorbed by external tissues during the transformation, mussels have self-protection mechanism. The carcinogenic risk index of each compound ranged from 0.0037 to 14 (×10⁻⁶), all lower than 10⁻⁴, indicating that cultivated mussels hardly produced carcinogenic risk and could be safely consumed.