沙埕港泥质海岸潮间带秋季大型底栖动物群落结构特征及环境因素对群落结构的影响

Community structure characteristics and influencing environmental factors of intertidal macrobenthos in the muddy coast of Shacheng harbour in autumn

  • 摘要: 潮间带大型底栖动物是潮间带生态系统重要的生态类群,分析其群落结构及分布特征可为生态系统保护与修复提供理论依据。本研究基于沙埕港2个泥质海岸区域潮间带(八尺门、前岐)调查数据,对沙埕港泥质海岸潮间带底栖动物生态现状及变化趋势进行了研究。结果显示,在八尺门共鉴定大型底栖动物47种,以甲壳动物和软体动物为主,平均栖息密度为62.33 ind/m2,平均生物量为135.16 g/m2。前岐共鉴定大型底栖动物40种,以环节动物、甲壳动物为主,平均栖息密度为132.44 ind/m2,平均生物量为86.86 g/m2。聚类分析可见物种分布存在明显的地理分区现象。冗余分析表明,锌和硫化物是影响八尺门潮间带大型底栖动物分布的关键环境因子,pH和总磷是影响前岐潮间带大型底栖动物分布的关键环境因子。

     

    Abstract: The intertidal macrobenthos within the muddy coastal ecosystem constitute a critical ecological group. Examining the community structure and distributional patterns of these organisms is essential for providing theoretical data underpinning the conservation and restoration of ecosystems. Utilizing monitoring data from two intertidal zones (Bachimen and Qianqi) within Shacheng Harbour, this study assesses the current status and trends of benthic organisms in the intertidal zones of the muddy coastline. The findings reveal that in Bachimen, 47 species of benthic macrobenthos were identified, with crustaceans and mollusks as the predominant taxa. The average density was 62.33 ind/m2, and the average biomass was 135.16 g/m2. In Qianqi, a total of 40 species of intertidal benthic organisms were identified, with annelids and crustaceans being dominant. The average density was 132.44 ind/m2, and the average biomass was 86.86 g/m2. Cluster analysis revealed distinct geographical zoning of species distribution. Redundancy analysis indicated that zinc and sulfide were key environmental factors influencing the distribution of intertidal macrobenthos in Bachimen, while pH and total phosphorus were key environmental factors influencing the distribution of intertidal macrobenthos in Qianqi.

     

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