生物可降解塑料的环境行为及毒性效应

Environmental behavior and toxic effects of biodegradable plastics

摘要: 由于不合理的管控，塑料污染成为环境污染的重要问题，人们对新型、绿色的生物可降解塑料的需求与日俱增。然而，研究表明，生物可降解塑料对生态环境和人体健康同样具有负面影响。本文梳理了2000－2023年的近万篇文献，综述了生物可降解塑料的应用、发展历程、种类、污染现状、环境行为以及毒性效应，并对今后生物可降解塑料的研究方向提出展望，旨在促进生物可降解塑料的生态和健康风险评估，并为其合理使用和有效监管提供参考。

Abstract: Due to unreasonable control, plastic pollution has become an important problem of environmental pollution, and people’s demand for new, green biodegradable plastics is increasing. However, studies have shown that biodegradable plastics also have negative effects on the ecological environment and human health. This paper reviewed nearly 10,000 literatures from 2000 to 2023, reviewed the application, development history, types, pollution status, environmental behavior and toxic effects of biodegradable plastics, and proposed future research directions for biodegradable plastics, aiming to provide references for ecological and health risk assessment, rational use and effective regulation of biodegradable plastics.